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| INTRODUCTION |
| Dylan: Hola, hola. Soy Dylan. |
| Carlos: What’s going on? I’m Carlos. “Preterit Tense – Recap”. |
| Dylan: Hey everybody! This is Dylan. How is everybody doing today? |
| Carlos: What’s going on? I’m Carlos. |
| Dylan: Welcome to another edition of the Verb Conjugation Series coming to you on demand from Spanishpod101.com |
| Carlos: Make sure to plug in those headphones, turn up the volume and download the PDF and get ready to learn all you need to know about how to conjugate verbs in Spanish. |
| Dylan: And how to use them as well. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Carlos: Dylan and Carlos back again for another Verb Conjugation Lesson. Today, Dylan, we have a recap lesson. We’re going to look back at lessons 16, 17 and 18, just to make sure we’ve got a clear picture of how to Preterit Tense of the Indicative Mood is used and formed. |
| Dylan: Me parece super bien, Carlitos. Vamos a hacer un repaso. |
| Carlos: Así es, un repaso. |
| Dylan: Claro que sí. Now, even though we’re going to recap up what we’ve been looking at, I think we should still cover the formation of more verbs in the Preterit Tense. |
| Carlos: I don’t doubt. Did you have any particular in minds? |
| Dylan: Por supuesto que sí. |
| Carlos: ¿Y cuáles son? |
| Dylan: They are “dormir”, “sentir” y “repetir”. |
| Carlos: Okay. So, that’s “dormir” – “to sleep”, “sentir” – “to feel” and “repetir” – “to repeat”. |
| Dylan: ¡Oye! ¡Tu pronunciación es cada vez mejor, Carlos! |
| Carlos: You think so? |
| Dylan: Which do you think is better? Come on, a supportive lie or a discouraging truth? |
| Carlos: Good point. Next time I’ll just nod and say thanks. |
| Dylan: I think that’s a good idea. Hey, Carlos? |
| Carlos: ¡Dígame! |
| Dylan: I heard you’re the great fine that Spanishpod101.com is starting up a season two for the Newbies Series. |
| Carlos: You speak no lies, Dylan. |
| Dylan: Are you hosting that too? |
| Carlos: Yes. Natalia and I are branching out from the Costa Rica’s series. |
| Dylan: All right. But, what about Alan and Lizy? |
| Carlos: Oh no, they’re still going to be hosting Newbies Season 1 and the Beginner Series. Our Season 2 is more of a compliment, not a replacement. |
| Dylan: You’re just all over the site, Carlos. |
| Carlos: Yes, I go where they tell me. |
| Dylan: Alright entonces, amiguito Carlos. ¿Qué es lo que estudiamos en la lección 16? What did we look at in Lesson 16? |
| Carlos: Well, there we learned the most basic way to express an action that happened prior to the present. |
| Dylan: ¿Y qué más? |
| Carlos: What else? |
| Dylan: Yes, I mean that’s not all we covered, right? |
| Carlos: Man, well, I mean yes, right. But, you know, we also said that these actions in the past are complete. |
| Dylan: Right. And which took place over defined period of time. This is important. And we’ll see why in Lesson 20 when we take a look at the Imperfect Tense. |
| Carlos: I can’t wait for that one. Now, I’ve been updating my daily dose of Omega-3 which I’m happy to say is allowing me to remember some examples of these and recover some of my college years. |
| Dylan: A ver... |
| Carlos: Well, if I want to say “Yesterday I spoke with my boss”, I could say “Ayer hablé con mi jefe”. |
| Dylan: Hey mira, someone’s been studying. |
| Carlos: Audience, if you could see me brushing my shoulder off right now, you’ll be like “Let me get here, hold on”. There you go. |
| Dylan: All right. We can also say “La semana pasada fui a la playa”. |
| Carlos: I know that one, I know that one, hold on. “Last week I went to the beach.” |
| Dylan: Nice. So, after that, in Lesson 17, we looked at how the Preterit Tense of the Indicative Mood can be used to express the completion of a past action. |
| Carlos: Yes. That one was a little tough. |
| Dylan: Come on. For a tough guy, you sure give up easily. |
| Carlos: Please, do not let the ruffed stereo full you. I do have feelings. |
| Dylan: For real? It’s not that hard. For example, “Después de mucho tiempo, el bus llegó” – “After a long time, the bus arrived.” The thing is that we can assume that it was in the process of arriving for an extended period of time. |
| Carlos: All right. |
| Dylan: So, when we say the “llegó”, we’re describing the precise moment in which this action of arriving, which completion. |
| Carlos: All right. And this action is in the past? |
| Dylan: Carlos, I don’t care what everybody else says, you are a smart guy. |
| Carlos: I don’t like to stay in the radar, you know what I mean, they start thinking you’re smart, they ask you questions. |
| Dylan: You got a lot of people fooled. |
| Carlos: I try, I try. Come on, it’s only act. |
| Dylan: All right, all right. And then, last time, Carlos, have you taken enough Omega-3 to recall what we studied in Lesson 18? |
| Carlos: Yes. We looked at how the Preterit Tense of the Indicative Mood can be used to express mental anticipation. |
| Dylan: Exactly. And this is a really interesting usage. This time, we’re talking about an action as if it had already happened when in fact, it hasn’t. |
| Carlos: All right. Yes, so let’s say this way, is it safe to say that we use this to describe something about to happen? |
| Dylan: Kind of. For example, you’re driving to the beach and you’re almost there and you can say “Ya llegué”, which literally means “I already arrived” or “Now I arrived.” |
| Carlos: I see, but, you know, because I haven’t actually arrived, I’m expressing my anticipation on arriving. |
| Dylan: Not bad, not bad at all. |
| Carlos: See, so, I guess this would definitely be a tense worth spending some time on. |
| Dylan: Carlos, this is one of the most important tenses. |
| Carlos: Okay. Well, than I ask to take the books on this one. All right. Let’s look at the verb formations. |
| Dylan: Prosigamos con la formación verbal. |
| Carlos: That’s right. Time to look at how to form verbs in the Preterit Tense. Now, first we learned how the language works, and now how to make it work for us. |
| Dylan: First up, the verb “dormir” – “to sleep.” |
| Carlos: All right. School me, profe. |
| Dylan: So, just a couple of minor points to make here. To begin, let’s figure out the stem. Carlos? |
| Carlos: Well, from “dormir” drop the ending from the Infinitive, it would be “dorm”, spelled “d-o-r-m”. |
| Dylan: Great. Now, for the third person, singular and plural, we’re going to need to change that letter “o” to a “u”. And then, just add the person endings for “er” and “ir” verbs in the Preterit Tense. |
| Carlos: And these endings are? |
| Dylan: “-i”, “-iste”, “-io”, “-imos”, “-isteis” and “-ieron”. |
| Carlos: See, that’s easy for you to say, but Dylan, come on, have a little mercy and give me the whole forms. |
| Dylan: All right, all right. Gosh. Nothing’s right, you do whine… |
| Carlos: God, these women talk… |
| Dylan: “Dormir”. |
| Carlos: “To sleep.” |
| Dylan: “Yo dormí”. |
| Carlos: “I slept.” |
| Dylan: “Tú dormiste”. |
| Carlos: “You slept.” |
| Dylan: “Él durmió”. |
| Carlos: “He slept.” |
| Dylan: “Nosotros dormimos”. |
| Carlos: “We slept.” |
| Dylan: “Vosotros dormisteis”. |
| Carlos: “You all slept.” |
| Dylan: “Ellos durmieron”. |
| Carlos: “They slept.” Good. You know, going through the charts works, but you know, we need some examples. I mean, how about some examples with “dormir” in the Preterit Tense? |
| Dylan: All right, all right. Here goes one. “Después de trabajar tanto, dormí como una piedra”. That’s “After working so much, I slept like a stone.” |
| Carlos: Okay. You know, as hard as Spanishpod101.com works us, that doesn’t surprise me at all. But, come on, seriously, I mean, one example works well, but come on, let’s get, let’s try some other ones. What else you got for us? |
| Dylan: All right. Listen to this one. “Los niños no durmieron bien anoche porque tuvieron pesadillas”. That means “The kids didn’t sleep well last night because they had nightmares.” |
| Carlos: Yes, kids never sleep well. I know when I was a kid I stayed awake all the time… |
| Dylan: Okay. Here’s another one. |
| Carlos: Wow. Someone’s get a little feisty. |
| Dylan: Come on, Carlos. Let’s teach this lesson. |
| Carlos: Okay. |
| Dylan: Here it goes. “Ella durmió como una reina”. You know what that is? |
| Carlos: “She slept like a queen.” |
| Dylan: There you go. It’s all about sleeping. |
| Carlos: Yes. You know what? I think I got it. Now, really, what’s the deal with the verb “sentir”? |
| Dylan: Okay. Well, what’s the stem? |
| Carlos: Well, it’s just “sent”, right? |
| Dylan: Right. Spelled “s-e-n-t”. Do you remember the rule we just mentioned? Have some more Omega-3, grasshopper. We saw the vowel change from “o” to “u” in the third person, singular and plural. |
| Carlos: Right, right, right. |
| Dylan: Well, here we’re going to see a similar change except this time it will be from “e” to “i”. |
| Carlos: Wait. Still in the third person, singular and plural? |
| Dylan: Yes. |
| Carlos: Well, let’s see those forms then. |
| Dylan: All right. “Sentir”. |
| Carlos: “To feel.” |
| Dylan: “Yo sentí”. |
| Carlos: “I felt.” |
| Dylan: “Tú sentiste”. |
| Carlos: “You felt.” |
| Dylan: “Él sintió”. |
| Carlos: “He felt”. |
| Dylan: “Nosotros sentimos”. |
| Carlos: “We felt.” |
| Dylan: “Vosotros sentisteis”. |
| Carlos: “You all felt.” |
| Dylan: “Ellos sintieron”. |
| Carlos: “They felt.” |
| Dylan: Right. |
| Carlos: Well, Dylan, now, you know, one good terms, there’s another. I mean, if it is not broke, don’t fix this, so, we went to the tenses of “sentir”, how about, you know, some examples of “sentir” in the Preterit Tense? |
| Dylan: Okay. Here goes. “Sentí frío en el cine” – “I felt cold in the movie theater.” |
| Carlos: Now, really, what’s up with that here? I mean it’s like 65 degrees in here, and I go into the movie theater and it’s like 30. It’s freezing. |
| Dylan: You know, that’s just the way it is. At least the popcorn is good, nice and buttery. |
| Carlos: Yes. They don’t have any of those American preconception like “No butter, no.”. |
| Dylan: No, no, no, no. |
| Carlos: Take it all in. |
| Dylan: Yes, yes. All right. Let’s go. |
| Carlos: All right. So, another one. How about another example? |
| Dylan: Okay. “¿Cómo te sentiste después de la entrevista?” – “How did you feel after the interview?” |
| Carlos: Well, I feel good after the interview, thank you very much, because you know, especially if I know I have the job, usually just look at the book like “I know, this is my place. I got it. It’s going to be fun.” |
| Dylan: Here goes another example. “Ella se sintió mal por haberte insultado” – “She felt bad for having insulted you.” |
| Carlos: That’s probably a lie. I’m sure she find for fun about it. |
| Dylan: Yes, me too. |
| Carlos: All right, all right. You know what? One more for today. Let’s get it out that. |
| Dylan: “Repetir”. |
| Carlos: All right. “To repeat”. So, what do we know about this one? |
| Dylan: Well, it’s going to follow the same pattern as the last two verbs that we’ve looked at today. |
| Carlos: Another stem change? |
| Dylan: Yes. |
| Carlos: All right. So then, the stem is “repet”, spelled “r-e-p-e-t”. And someone’s a bet. If I were a betting man, that the change will occur in the second “e”. |
| Dylan: Okay. But, here’s the question. What will it change to? |
| Carlos: I… I… |
| Dylan: Right. |
| Carlos: What? Yes, right. From “e” to “i”. |
| Dylan: And this is going to happen for the third person, singular and plural again. Easy enough? |
| Carlos: Yes, Madame. |
| Dylan: All right. Here we go. “Repetir”. |
| Carlos: “To repeat.” |
| Dylan: “Yo repetí”. |
| Carlos: “I repeated.” |
| Dylan: “Tú repetiste”. |
| Carlos: “You repeated.” |
| Dylan: “Él repitió”. |
| Carlos: “He repeated” |
| Dylan: “Nosotros repetimos”. |
| Carlos: “We repeated.” |
| Dylan: “Vosotros repetisteis”. |
| Carlos: “You all repeated.” |
| Dylan: “Ellos repitieron”. |
| Carlos: “They repeated.” And you know what? I think this finishes off, we should put “repetir” in a context with some examples in the Preterit Tense. It seems only fair. |
| Dylan: All right. Well, here goes. “Repetí la misma pregunta tres veces y todavía no me escuchaste”. This goes to you, Carlos. “I repeated the same question three times, and you still didn’t hear me.” |
| Carlos: That’s kind of question that a woman would ask her husband after like 30 years. “I ask you again and again, and you sit there, you watch TV. What’s going on with this? I don’t understand. I’ll go break dishes to get your attention.” No, I’m sorry. I’m kidding. I digress. |
| Dylan: You have traumas. All right. Here’s another example. “Repitió su declaración de amor ya que ella no le escuchaba” – “He repeated his declaration of love since she wasn’t listening.” |
| Carlos: So, you’re another Bergerac? I just saw the image of the dull like under the balcony with Christian and you can’t really say what he’s going to say, so you rise the pawns for Christian, he goes to Roxanne, who’s this cousin, it was just kind of disgusting, actually. All right. But, that’s… it’s a good play, if you ever get the chance to see it. |
Outro |
| Dylan: How did we do on our first recap here, Carlos? |
| Carlos: Well, quite well I think, other than you cutting me off. |
| Dylan: I agree. |
| Dylan: ¡Hasta luego audiencia! |
| Carlos: I love the spanglish. Be good out there, pod101 world! |
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