Learn about giving commands
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Carlos: It had better be fresh! We are going to have a short conversation about stake. |
| Natalia: Beautiful. |
| Carlos: That it is. |
| Natalia: So Carlos, is it a conversation in a restaurant? |
| Carlos: Nope. It´s in a butcher shop. |
| Natalia: Hah! Customer relations. So that will make the conversation formal. |
| Carlos: I would think so. |
| Natalia: But wait! I forgot we have a review today. |
| Carlos: A review. |
| Natalia: A review. We forgot that in this lesson, we are going to go over the imperative mood. |
| Carlos: Ah commands, I can hardly wait. |
| Natalia: Don’t be sarcastic sir. |
| Carlos: All ready with the commands. Look at her. |
| Natalia: So in this lesson, you will learn about the imperative mood. |
| Carlos: And it takes place between a butcher and a customer. |
| Natalia: The speakers are strangers. So the conversation is formal. |
| Carlos: Good to know. Alright. Let’s listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| NATI: Maestro, quisiera medio kilo de churrasco… ¡pero, fresquecito! |
| PACO: Por supuesto, señora. Usted sabe que acá todo es bueno… ¡hasta el carnicero! |
| NATI: ¡Ya, ande, no más! Está usted acá de gracioso. Apúrese. Bien cortadito, ¿eh? ¿Cuánto sale? |
| PACO: Son diez solcitos, señora. ¿Algo más? |
| NATI: No, eso es todo. Por favor, empáquelo bien. |
| PACO: Acá tiene. |
| PACO: And now slowly. Una vez más esta vez lentamente. |
| NATI: Maestro, quisiera medio kilo de churrasco… ¡pero, fresquecito! |
| PACO: Por supuesto, señora. Usted sabe que acá todo es bueno… ¡hasta el carnicero! |
| NATI: ¡Ya, ande, no más! Está usted acá de gracioso. Apúrese. Bien cortadito, ¿eh? ¿Cuánto sale? |
| PACO: Son diez solcitos, señora. ¿Algo más? |
| NATI: No, eso es todo. Por favor, empáquelo bien. |
| PACO: Acá tiene. |
| PACO: And now with the translation. Ahora incluiremos la traducción. |
| NATI: Maestro, quisiera medio kilo de churrasco… ¡pero, fresquecito! |
| NATI: Sir, I'd like a half kilo of steak... but it had better be fresh! |
| PACO: Por supuesto, señora. Usted sabe que acá todo es bueno… ¡hasta el carnicero! |
| PACO: Of course, Ma'am. You know that here everything's good... even the butcher! |
| NATI: ¡Ya, ande, no más! Está usted acá de gracioso. Apúrese. Bien cortadito, ¿eh? ¿Cuánto sale? |
| NATI: Come on, just get going! Spending your time being a joker. Hurry up. Nice and thin, OK? How much does it come out to? |
| PACO: Son diez solcitos, señora. ¿Algo más? |
| PACO: Just ten soles, Ma'am. Something else? |
| NATI: No, eso es todo. Por favor, empáquelo bien. |
| NATI: No that's all. Please, wrap it up nicely. |
| PACO: Acá tiene. |
| PACO: Here you go. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Carlos: So, dime Natalia, are you this demanding when you go to supermarket? |
| Natalia: Un poquito porque me pongo a ver todas las cosas, una por una hasta encontrar la que me gusta. So I pretty much go one by one, check out everything and then purchase and receive exactly what I want. Of course, you are not just going to go… |
| Carlos: Oh wait! And that’s not just in food. She does it everywhere she goes shopping. |
| Natalia: But it’s the best way to do it. If you are going to pay for something, it should be what you are expecting. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Carlos: I am just making an observation Natalia. Okay well, now it’s time to move on to this vocabulary section on today’s lesson guide. Here we are going to break these words down giving you the word class and translation of each. ¿Todos preparados? Bien. First word we have a noun that could be either masculine or feminine. |
| Natalia: maestro,maestra |
| Carlos: Teacher, master, expert. |
| Natalia: ma-es-tro, ma-es-tra. Maestro, maestra. |
| Carlos: As we hear in the example |
| Natalia: El maestro de esta clase sabe mucho de la historia. |
| Carlos: The teacher of this class knows a lot about history. This time we hear a masculine noun. |
| Natalia: churrasco |
| Carlos: Stake. |
| Natalia: chu-rras-co, churrasco |
| Carlos: As we hear in the example, |
| Natalia: Me encanta el churrasco a la parrilla. |
| Carlos: I love grilled steak. And now a noun that could be either masculine or feminine. |
| Natalia: carnicero, carnicera |
| Carlos: Butcher. |
| Natalia: car-ni-ce-ro, car-ni-ce-ra. Carnicero, carnicera. |
| Carlos: And the sample sentence for this is |
| Natalia: Siempre compro del mismo carnicero. |
| Carlos: I always buy from the same butcher. This time, we have an adjective |
| Natalia: gracioso, graciosa |
| Carlos: Graceful, silly. |
| Natalia: gra-cio-so, gra-cio-sa. Gracioso, graciosa. |
| Carlos: And to contextualize it in an example |
| Natalia: Siempre vienes con un chiste bien gracioso. |
| Carlos: You always come with a really silly joke. Next up a verb. |
| Natalia: empacar |
| Carlos: To pack, to wrap up. |
| Natalia: em-pa-car, empacar |
| Carlos: And the sample sentence is |
| Natalia: Quisiera que empaques bien la carne. |
| Carlos: I want you to wrap the meat up well, and last but not least, another verb. |
| Natalia: andar |
| Carlos: To walk, to go. |
| Natalia: an-dar |
| Carlos: As in the example |
| Natalia: Anda a la clínica antes de que te pongas muy mal. |
| Carlos: Go to the clinic before you become very ill. |
| Natalia: Okay Carlos, I’ve got a good pronunciation test for you. |
| Carlos: Let’s have it. |
| Natalia: Pronounce the word carne. |
| Carlos: Carne |
| Natalia: And now, carnicero. |
| Carlos: Carnicero. |
| Natalia: And now, el carnicero vende carne en la carnicería. |
| Carlos: El carcinero vende… El carnicero vende carne en la carneceria. |
| Natalia: Car-ni-ceria. |
| Carlos: Car-ni-ceria. |
| Natalia: Do it, el carnicero vende carne en la carnicería. |
| Carlos: El carnicero vende carne en la carnicería. |
| Natalia: Ey you got it. I will tell you. I will ask you for that later when you are just like looking out the blue. |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Carlos: Okay let’s have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Natalia: The first word or phrase we will look at is churrasco. |
| Carlos: Okay churrasco. So that would be a masculine noun right? |
| Natalia: This masculine noun is often translated as steak but sometimes it has other meanings like barbecued meat in general or a T-bone steak. |
| Carlos: I can always go for a T-Bone. |
| Natalia: Carlos, I know, gordito. I know. |
| Carlos: I am not even going to argue that. |
| Natalia: Carlos yeah, you – well, you look at a T-Bone kind of. Any ways. |
| Carlos: Okay any related words while we are on this one. |
| Natalia: Carlos, how about churrasquería? |
| Carlos: Let me guess steak house. |
| Natalia: Wow! |
| Carlos: Thank you, thank you. How about an example? |
| Natalia: Quisiera medio kilo de churrasco. |
| Carlos: I’d like half a kilo of steak, hungry woman. |
| Natalia: I might be small but I like to eat. I really do. |
| Carlos: Yes she does. Next up. |
| Natalia: Carnicero. |
| Carlos: Umm does this have something to do with meat? |
| Natalia: Look at you. Oh my god Carlos! Of course it does. What’s the word for meat in Spanish? |
| Carlos: Carne. |
| Natalia: Okay so ready for me to blow your mind. |
| Carlos: Always. |
| Natalia: Okay well if un salsero is a person who sings or dances to salsa music, then what do you think un carnicero is? |
| Carlos: Someone who sings and dances with meat. |
| Natalia: I am being serious here Carlos. |
| Carlos: Okay I’d have to say a butcher, but how about an example? |
| Natalia: Usted sabe que acá todo es bueno… ¡hasta el carnicero! |
| Carlos: You know that here everything is good even the butcher. |
| Natalia: Okay next up we have an adjective, gracioso. |
| Carlos: Gracioso |
| Natalia: Okay so this adjective has two principal meanings. It comes from the feminine noun gracia, which means grace. |
| Carlos: So then does it mean graceful? |
| Natalia: In one sentence, but in the other it means silly or funny. |
| Carlos: Okay I am going to need an example. |
| Natalia: Está usted acá de gracioso. |
| Carlos: Spending your time being a joker. You know I like to do that. |
| Natalia: Next up, empacar. |
| Carlos: Empacar. |
| Natalia: This ar verb means to wrap up or to pack. |
| Carlos: So could we use this for a suitcase? |
| Natalia: Why? Are they kicking you out of your apartment Carlos? |
| Carlos: No. |
| Natalia: It can be used that way but it can also be used for food I which case we would translate it as to wrap up or else you’d be talking about packing me. |
| Carlos: Okay I am going to need an example. |
| Natalia: Por favor, empáquelo bien. |
| Carlos: Please wrap it up nicely. |
| Natalia: Okay last but not least, andar. |
| Carlos: Andar. An ar verb. |
| Natalia: This means to go. |
| Carlos: Wait a minute, wait a minute, wait a minute. |
| Natalia: What? |
| Carlos: Now I thought the verb ir was used to go, like that means to go. |
| Natalia: Carlos, it is a synonym. |
| Carlos: Man, they have those in Spanish too? |
| Natalia: Of course. This way, we don’t always have to use the same word. |
| Carlos: For example. |
| Natalia: Ya ande nomás. |
| Carlos: Come on, just get going. |
| Natalia: Yes. |
| Carlos: Okay but don’t go too far because today’s grammar point is coming up next. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Natalia: Okay now we are going to have a review. Whoops, sorry. |
| Carlos: Okay what are we going over again? |
| Natalia: The imperative mood. |
| Carlos: That’s right. Commands, yeah I kind of remember those. |
| Natalia: Well here is the refresher. While the indicative mood expresses the action of verbs in real life for example, you go to the car, the imperative mood expresses the mandatory attitude of the speaker in relation to the completion of the verbal action for example, go to the car. |
| Carlos: Wait! There is a way to distinguish them right? |
| Natalia: Well the biggest distinction between these two moods. Okay in the Spanish language, a verb in the imperative mood can address you. The single person in front of me whom I am speaking informally or formally and you all, the people in front of me with whom I am speaking formally or informally. |
| Carlos: As in? |
| Natalia: ¡Anda, amigo! Go my friend! Speaker address is second person singular to you. Now if I say andad amigos, go friends, who is the speaker addressing? |
| Carlos: Well second person plural. Vosotros y vos. |
| Natalia: Good and how about ande señor, go sir. |
| Carlos: Okay that speaker just the third person singular usted, you, and I knew that because of the señor. |
| Natalia: Carlos, don’t pat yourself on the back yet. How about… |
| Carlos: I was already doing it. Come on. |
| Natalia: How about – how about anden señores, go gentlemen. |
| Carlos: Well there the speaker addresses the second person plural ustedes, you all. |
| Natalia: Well good but remember that there are so many regular forms of the imperative mood like we saw in today’s conversation in empaque where the verb empacar changes to empaque with a que ending, empaque. We have to make this change in order to pronounce it correctly. |
| Carlos: Do you hear that audience? |
| Natalia: I was talking to you too Carlos. |
| Carlos: I know, I know but wait, wait Natie what about formation hahaha…. |
| Natalia: Formation. For ar verb, drop the infinitive ending and add an A. For the tú form anda tú, and for the vosotros form, andad vosotros, you can add an AD. For the usted form, ande from ande usted, add an E and for ustedes form, anden ustedes, you can add an EN. |
| Carlos: Okay and for er verbs? |
| Natalia: Carlos, we have gone over these already. You stop being so lazy. Are you just listening to me rumble and rumble and rumble. Are you staring at the wall? |
| Carlos: Yes. |
| Natalia: Oh my god! |
| Carlos: Okay so you are saying you want me to do it. |
| Natalia: Yes. |
| Carlos: Find er verbs. |
| Natalia: Er verbs. |
| Carlos: So for er verbs, you drop the infinitive ending and add an E for the tú form, come tu. And ED for the vosotros form, comed vosotros. Add an A for the usted form, coma usted, and add an AN for the ustedes form, coman ustedes. |
| Natalia: Okay, ahora... |
| Carlos: For ir verbs, you drop the infinitive ending and add a E for the tú form, escribe tú. Add an ID for the vosotros form, escribid vosotros. Add an A for the usted form, escriba usted. And add an AN for the ustedes form, escriban ustedes. |
| Natalia: Thank you. I was about to walk off this door but why would – you know what Carlos, remember that these are the rules for regular verbs. Remember? This means that these rules will work for the verbs that follow the paradigms which you can find in the verb conjugation section in the learning center at spanishpod101.com but be aware that there are many irregular forms like sal, get out, or di, say, or ven, come, or even vaya, go. |
| Carlos: Wait, that explains a lot you know because like you remember when that person was telling me sal, sal I thought they are asking me for salt but they really meant to get out. |
| Natalia: Carlos is so dumb. Ya llegó el momento de darles su tarea. |
| Carlos: That’s right. Before we wrap up for today, it’s time to assign today’s homework. |
| Natalia: So in today’s grammar point, we learned how to use the imperative mood, how to form commands of regular verbs in Spanish. |
| Carlos: We are going to give you five sentences in Spanish. Each sentence will be a statement of some kind. What you have to do is change it into a command. For example, if the question Martin me llama, the answer would be Martin llamame. ¿Todos preparados? |
| Natalia: Ahí vamos. 1. Los niños se comportan bien. 2. David me escucha. 3. Le escribes una carta. 4. Les mandáis saludos de mi parte. 5. Me abres la puerta. |
Outro |
| Carlos: And remember brainiacs, you can always check out the answers and the comments on the answers by downloading the premium audio track labeled Tarea, which is homework. You can also get to the comments and answers in the comments section of this lesson at spanishpod101.com. Gracias por escucharnos. Suerte con los estudios. ¡Chau! |
| Natalia: Que les vaya bien. ¡Adiós! |
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