Learn how to express the time of day
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Fernando: (Touch down). In this lesson you will learn how to tell time. The conversation takes place on the plane, and first of all here, the pilot, and then a brief conversation between Jimmy and Sandra. The pilot will be speaking in teh formal register and Jimmy and Sandra in the familiar one. |
| JP: All right, let’s listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| PILOTO: Buenas tardes damas y caballeros, bienvenidos al Aeropuerto Internacional de Cancún. Son las tres de la tarde, y estamos a 17 grados centígrados y el cielo está despejado. Que disfruten de su estancia en México. |
| JIMMY: 17 grados, que frío, ¿no? |
| SANDRA: Sí, siempre traigo un suéter. |
| JIMMY: Pues yo no. |
| JP: One more time, with the translation. |
| PILOTO: Buenas tardes damas y caballeros, bienvenidos al Aeropuerto Internacional de Cancún. Son las tres de la tarde, y estamos a 17 grados centígrados y el cielo está despejado. Que disfruten de su estancia en México. |
| PILOT: Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen, welcome to Cancún International Airport. It is three o'clock in the afternoon, seventeen degrees centigrade, and the sky is clear. Enjoy your stay in Mexico. |
| JIMMY: 17 grados, que frío, ¿no? |
| JIMMY: Seventeen degrees. That's cold, right? |
| SANDRA: Sí, siempre traigo un suéter. |
| SANDRA: Yes. I always take a sweater. |
| JIMMY: Pues yo no. |
| JIMMY: Not me. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| JP: So Fernando, today we heard the airline pilot's speech as the plane touched down in Cancún. |
| Fernando: Right, if you've flown before, you're familiar with this speech; welcome to the destination, this is the local time, this is the weather, enjoy your stay. |
| JP: You know, I actually had a question about the weather. What was the temperature he said it was? |
| Fernando: He said "estamos a 17 grados centígrados." |
| JP: Ok, what is 17 Celsius for those of us that are... metrically challenged. |
| Fernando: In Fahrenheit, that's the low 60s. |
| JP: Doesn't that seem a little cold for Cancún at 3 in the afternoon? |
| Fernando: It is; it does seem a little cold. Hope you brought a sweater. Sandra brought a sweater. |
| JP: Well, sounds like Jimmy's going to have to buy one. Ok, let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Fernando: el suéter [natural native speed] |
| JP: the sweater |
| Fernando: el suéter [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Fernando: el suéter [natural native speed] |
| JP: Next. |
| Fernando: la estancia [natural native speed] |
| JP: the stay |
| Fernando: la estancia [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Fernando: la estancia [natural native speed] |
| JP: Next. |
| Fernando: disfrutar [natural native speed] |
| JP: enjoy |
| Fernando: disfrutar [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Fernando: disfrutar [natural native speed] |
| JP: Next. |
| Fernando: bienvenido/a [natural native speed] |
| JP: welcome |
| Fernando: bienvenido/a [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Fernando: bienvenido/a [natural native speed] |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| JP: Ok, now let’s take a look at how we use some of the words and phrases in this lesson. Now, what are we going to talk about first? |
| Fernando: El suéter. |
| JP: Yah, el suéter sounds exactly like English. |
| Fernando: I think it's a loan word from English, actually. |
| JP: Cool. el suéter. What was the next word? |
| Fernando: La estancia. |
| JP: Ok, so this is a stay... it's the length of time you stay at a certain place. La estancia. So when they say enjoy your stay in Mexico... |
| Fernando: Que disfruten de su estancia... en México. Which takes us to our next word... disfrutar. |
| JP: Ok, and in the dialog we heard "disfrutar de." He says "que disfruten de su estancia." So the pilot is wishing the passengers an enjoyable stay,"que disfruten de... su estancia en México. And the last word? |
| Fernando: Bienvenido. It means welcome, bienvenido. |
| JP: Bienvenido. Actually in the dialog we heard it with an /s/ on the end, bienvenidos. |
| Fernando: That's right. That's because the pilot was addressing all the passengers of the plane. In Spanish when you use an adjective, it has to agree in gender and number to the noun you're referring to, and in this case, the passengers are plural. So "bienvenidos." |
| JP: Bienvenidos. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Fernando: What's the grammar point for today? |
| JP: I want to talk about how to tell time in Spanish. |
| Fernando: Alright... In the dialog, we heard the pilot say "it's three in the afternoon." Son las tres de la tarde. |
| JP: Ok, we're going to break this down, so 3 o'clock? las tres. |
| Fernando: Las tres. |
| JP: Las tres. Notice how we use the feminine article with a number to talk about the time. las tres. what if it's two o'clock? |
| Fernando: Las dos. |
| JP: What if it's one o'clock? |
| Fernando: La una. |
| JP: La una. Why is it la una but las dos? Is it singular and plural? |
| Fernando: Apparently so... |
| JP: Ok then. So to say "it three o'clock" son las tres. |
| Fernando: Son las tres. we use "ser" to make the sentence. Son las tres. |
| JP: It's two o'clock? |
| Fernando: son las dos |
| JP: It's one o'clock? |
| Fernando: es la una. |
| JP: Es la una... we use 'es' because it's singular. |
| Fernando: Así es. |
| JP: Ok, from there you can extrapolate, son las cuatro, son las cinco, son las once, son las doce. |
| Fernando: Right. But let's get back to "it's three o'clock in the afternoon" for a second. We have to be able to say "in the afternoon." |
| JP: Ok, we said "son las tres... de la tarde." |
| Fernando: And that's how you say "in the afternoon... "de la tarde." |
| JP: Ok, so what if it's nine in the morning? Son las nueve... |
| Fernando: de la mañana. |
| JP: de la mañana.. that means in the morning. |
| Fernando: de la mañana.... If you want to say it's nine in the evening... |
| JP: Son las nueve... de la... |
| Fernando: Son las nueve de la noche.... de la noche. |
| JP: De la noche... so now we know our three times of the day, there's de la mañana, de la tarde, and de la noche. |
| Fernando: And there's one more... |
| JP: one more? I thought we covered it all... we have in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening... what else is there? |
| Fernando: de la madrugada. |
| JP: Ahh... like, son las tres de la madrugada. |
| Fernando: Right. La madrugada. We use la madrugada to talk about the early morning, before sunrise. La madrugada. |
| JP: La madrugada. Ok, now la madrugada is the time when people are expected to be asleep. |
| Fernando: Exactly. And it depends on point of view, you know... if it's 3am and you're still going strong at the club, you might say "son las tres de la noche." But if you're tired and you think you ought to be in bed, you'll say "son las tres de la madrugada" |
| JP: Haha, the noche only ends... when the evening ends... la madrugada. |
Outro |
| Fernando: I think that’s a wrap! |
| JP: I guess for, now it’s time to go. Hasta luego! |
| Fernando: Adiós. |
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