Learn about talking about future actions
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Lizzie: Buenos días, mi nombre es Lizzie. |
| Allan: Alan here. |
| Lizzie: Beginner Series Lesson number 10. |
| Allan: You’re there or you’ll be there? What are we doing today, Lizzie? |
| Lizzie: Today, in order to reinforce what we’ve learned, we’re going to compare the future tense to the present, and see just how the two differ. |
| Allan: And how are we going to do that? |
| Lizzie: We are going to listen to a conversation on the phone where Viviana and Claudia try to make plans for the night. |
| Allan: Let’s remind everyone to not forget to stop by the Learning Center at SpanishPod101.com. |
| Lizzie: Well, let’s get into today’s conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| VIVIANA: Claudia, ¿estarás en la reunión esta noche? |
| CLAUDIA: Sí, estoy ahí. |
| VIVIANA: ¿Estás ahí o estarás ahí? |
| CLAUDIA: Estaré ahí. Perdón. Debe ser divertida. |
| VIVIANA: Yo creo que sí. |
| CLAUDIA: Hablamos más tarde. |
| VIVIANA: Hablamos. |
| VIVIANA: Claudia, will ya' be at the gathering tonight? |
| CLAUDIA: Yep. I'm there. |
| VIVIANA: You're there, or you will be there? |
| CLAUDIA: I will be there. Excuse me. It ought to be fun. |
| VIVIANA: I think so. |
| CLAUDIA: We'll be in touch later on. |
| VIVIANA: We'll be in touch. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Allan: You know, something I really noticed here, Lizzie, when I came is the differences between parties in Canada, my home country, and Peru. |
| Lizzie: Como si. |
| Allan: Well, for example, the way people drink at some parties. Not all parties, parties… it kind of depends what type of party, but for example if you go to a more popular party, especially in the country-side, the way people share a bottle. Beer bottles here are larger, they’re 750 ml, almost twice the size of a regular beer. So, for example, you have a group of people, maybe four or five, and one beer and one glass. So the tradition is that you serve yourself a beer, you pass the bottle to the person beside you, you do a salud to that person, you drink the glass and your beer, and then you pass the glass and they repeat the process. And that way the bottle makes it all the way around and there’s lots of salud salud going on. It’s fun. It takes a little while to start learning the process because there’s lots of details in that process. For example, if a woman is drinking or if it’s a good friend or not such a good friend, but it’s really interesting. Very, very social. |
| Lizzie: ¿Y eso más que nada se da con la cerveza verdad, Allan? Porque con otros trago o cócteles se sirven en las fiestas en vasitos, en copitas. |
| Allan: That’s right. You know, if you’re at a party and they’re serving you, for example, little glasses of wine, they will pass those glasses out served. Although I have been to some parties where the owner of the party, el dueño de la fiesta, the person who’s hosting the party, will walk around to the big bottle of wine or another kind of liqueur, and serve you a glass, hand you the glass, you drink it, then he takes the glass to the next person. It’s very nice. Now we’ll take a look a the vocabulary and phrases for this lesson. First word - |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Lizzie: Reunión. |
| Allan: Meeting, gathering, reunion. |
| Lizzie: Reunión, reunión. |
| Allan: Next we’ll hear… |
| Lizzie: Deber. |
| Allan: Should, ought to. |
| Lizzie: Deber, deber. |
| Allan: Next we’ll hear. |
| Lizzie: Divertido, divertida. |
| Allan: Fun. |
| Lizzie: Divertido, divertida. Divertido, divertida. |
| Allan: Now we have… |
| Lizzie: Creer. |
| Allan: To believe, to think. |
| Lizzie: Creer, creer. |
| Allan: Next. |
| Lizzie: ¡hablamos! |
| Allan: We’ll be in touch, talk to you. |
| Lizzie: ¡hablamos! ¡hablamos! |
| Allan: And finally… |
| Lizzie: Más tarde. |
| Allan: Later, later on. |
| Lizzie: Más tarde, más tarde. |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Allan: Ok, Lizzie, first up we have the word reunión. |
| Lizzie: Yeah. It can be translated as “meeting”, “gathering” or “reunion”. |
| Allan: Right. Which translation would you say is the most commonly used? |
| Lizzie: I think it’s “meeting”, reunion de negocios diriamos, ¿no? Pero para una reunion social lo común es decir, o reunion de amigos, es ”gathering”. |
| Allan: Yeah, that’s right so reunión de trabajo would be “a meeting”, but here you’re talking about “gatherings”, “ a get together”. I love get togethers. So what example can we give for social reunions? |
| Lizzie: Me encantan la reuniónes. |
| Allan: I love the get togethers. |
| Lizzie: It’s easy to remember because when we see the word unión in Spanish words, we can expect the meaning to have something to do with the idea of oneness, of coming together, of convening. |
| Allan: You know what, Lizzie, that’s a great way to remember it. |
| Lizzie: Thanks. It’s little tricks like that that make learning possible. The next word we’re going to look at today is deber. |
| Allan: As in? |
| Lizzie: La fiesta debe ser grande. |
| Allan: “The party ought to be big.” Parties tend to do that sometimes, people invite their friends and they invite their friend, and so on and so on. |
| Lizzie: Are you talking from experience, Allan? |
| Allan: Well, you know, it kind of depends on the party. There’s other parties where it’s absolutely impolite to bring somebody along with you if that person has not been invited. And that’s because the owner of the party, you know, the host, is inviting all of the food, all of the alcohol. So if you were to bring somebody who was not invited, that’s not always that well seen. |
| Lizzie: Pero siempre hay quien lleva a sus amigos. |
| Allan: That’s right, there’s always somebody who does that. And in Peru, just like in the United States or another country, going to a party at a fraternity would be very, very different than going to a cocktail party at someone’s home. |
| Lizzie: Ok. The verb deber can mean “ought” in the sense that your speaker supposes something to be probable. In order to make this mean “should” in the sense of obligation, the verb deber is used, but in the conditional tense. |
| Allan: You know though, Lizzie, I think we should take that up later in the course. |
| Lizzie: That’s a good idea. |
| Allan: Ok, let’s move on though. The next vocabulary word is divertido. |
| Lizzie: La playa es muy divertida. |
| Allan: I didn’t ask you for an example. |
| Lizzie: Come on, force of habit. You needed one anyway. |
| Allan: It’s true, so we’ll use yours. La playa es muy divertida. It means… |
| Lizzie: The beach is a lot of fun. |
| Allan: What can we say about the adjective divertido? |
| Lizzie: The adjective is a masculine singular and divertida, the feminine singular. It means fun, but it also has something to do with recreation. |
| Allan: Yeah, that’s right, Lizzie. It suggests that someone or something is drawn away from something else, I guess in kind of an enjoyable pause. Both the masculine and the feminine take the S, by the way, in the plural. Hey, Lizzie, what do you do for fun? |
| Lizzie: Bueno, escuchar música. Número uno. Luego caminar, me encanta caminar y me divierto yendo al cien. ¿Y tú Allan? |
| Allan: It sounds like a personal ad in one of those newspapers. “I love to go to the movies, walk on the beach…” |
| Lizzie: No, es la verdad. |
| Allan: I know it’s true. I love listening to music too. |
| Lizzie: Ok, this brings us to our last vocabulary expression today which is ¡hablamos!. |
| Allan: Ok, Lizzie, how about one more example? |
| Lizzie: ¡hablamos! Chao. |
| Allan: We’ll be talking, see you. |
| Lizzie: I think we should point out that the word chao is used a lot in Spanish speaking countries. |
| Allan: Yeah, that’s right. Very nice, nice way to say goodbye. In English it would be a little bit like saying, “Ok, later!” Hey, Lizzie, how is hablar being conjugated here? |
| Lizzie: Here, hablar, “to speak”, “to talk”, is conjugated in the first person plural. ¡hablamos! It’s in the present tense but it has a future value. |
| Allan: Yes. When it’s an exclamation, like it is here, it’s used as kind of a set phrase. Ok, if we were to literally translate it, we might say “we talk” or “we are talking”, but it’s used to refer to the future. It’s like saying “let’s talk” or “talk to you” when what we mean is “I’ll be talking to you” or “I’ll be in touch”. |
| Lizzie: This is a really common way to say a temporary goodbye to someone in an informal way. |
| -- |
| Allan: Let’s have a more thorough look at the grammar used in this lesson. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Lizzie: In beginner lessons 8 and 9 we had a good look at the el tiempo futuro. |
| Allan: Right, the future tense. |
| Lizzie: Today we’re going to compare that tense to present in order to see exactly how the two tenses differ in word formation and in meaning. |
| Allan: We have seen that verbs whose infinitives end in AR, ER and IR are the three classes of regular verbs. And accordingly, they’re called the first, second and third conjugations. |
| Lizzie: We’ve also seen that in the present tense these three classes differ from one another in the way that the personal endings are formed. |
| Allan: Last lesson, we learned that for all regular verbs in the future tense, the personal endings for these same classes are the same. |
| Lizzie: In order to conjugate any regular AR, ER or IR verb in the future, you simply add the future ending to the complete infinitive. |
| Allan: That’s right. And that makes it pretty simple. So let’s look at an example. Lizzie, where did the future tense occur in the conversation? |
| Lizzie: ¿Está ahí o estará ahí? |
| Allan: “You’re there?” or “You will be there?” |
| Lizzie: In the first clause we recognize the verb está as a second person singular of the present. That is “you are”. |
| Allan: Right. But in the second clause, we see that the verb has been changed to the future but has preserved its person and its number. |
| Lizzie: It is still in the second person singular. The future ending that is ás with an accent on the A, estarás. |
| Allan: You will be. |
| Lizzie: You can hear that the word is accented on the second A, estarás. |
| Allan: And this means “you will be”. It’ll be helpful to make a habit of associating the future absolute in Spanish with the English model verb will. |
| Lizzie: That’s right. These almost always correlate. |
| Allan: Now, let’s see how this applies to another example. Lizzie, can you give me a sentence, first in the present tense, please? |
| Lizzie: La reunión es divertida. |
| Allan: The gathering is fun. |
| Lizzie: The verb es is the first person singular of the verb ser, “to be”, which we had a good look at in Newbie lessons 3, 4, 5 and 6. |
| Allan: Here, the description of the party is contemporaneous with the party itself. Now, let’s suppose that they want to talk about a party that’s going to be thrown tomorrow. How would this sentence change? |
| Lizzie: La reunión será divertida. |
| Allan: The party will be fun. |
| Lizzie: See the verb será is in the future tense and that it has been formed by appending the third person singular future ending to the infinitive verb ser. Now it is será. |
| Allan: Will be. |
| Lizzie: Again, the verb maintains its number and gender. It’s still singular and in the third person. We’re still talking about the gathering, but the tense is now in the future. |
| Allan: The party will be fun. |
| Lizzie: In other words, the party is posterior to the speech. |
| Allan: This is a good way to familiarize yourself with verbs in Spanish. All you have to do is create a simple sample sentence and the try going from one tense to another. |
| Lizzie: That’s great advice. For example, soy. |
| Allan: I am. |
| Lizzie: seré |
| Allan: I will be. |
| Lizzie: eres |
| Allan: You are. |
| Lizzie: serás |
| Allan: You will be. |
| Lizzie: And you just can keep going on like that. |
| Allan: Lizzie, that’s an excellent idea and it simplifies things a lot. |
| Lizzie: Verbs can be a little hard, but it’s really just learning the system, |
Outro |
| Allan: Well, friends, we are out of time for today. |
| Lizzie: Today’s lesson went really well. |
| Allan: Well, for sure. It was a lot of fun and it was very, very useful. |
| Lizzie: Alan, I think they are all useful. |
| Allan: You’re right, Lizzie, they are all useful but I particularly like the ones that stress that our students should find a system that works for them. See you soon. |
| Lizzie: Nos vemos pronto. |
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