Learn about how to use the demonstrative adjectives estos and estas
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Anna: Hola soy Anna. |
| Eric: Eric here! Planning a Spanish Vacation |
| Anna: In this lesson, you'll learn how to use the demonstrative adjectives estos and estas. |
| Eric: This conversation takes place at home on a Saturday morning. |
| Anna: And it’s between Paula and Daniel. |
| Eric: The speakers are dating, so they'll be speaking casually. |
| Anna: Let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Daniel: ¿Dónde vamos de vacaciones? |
| Paula: Miremos estos folletos de agencias de viajes. |
| Daniel: ¡Mira éste! 7 días por el Mediterráneo. |
| Paula: Pero a estos dos países ya fuimos, ¿Qué tal estos otros tours? (shows Anna the pamphlet) |
| Eric: Now let's listen to the same conversation at a slow speed. |
| Daniel: ¿Dónde vamos de vacaciones? |
| Paula: Miremos estos folletos de agencias de viajes. |
| Daniel: ¡Mira éste! 7 días por el Mediterráneo. |
| Paula: Pero a estos dos países ya fuimos, ¿Qué tal estos otros tours? (shows Anna the pamphlet) |
| Eric: Let's now listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Daniel: ¿Dónde vamos de vacaciones? |
| Daniel: Where shall we go on vacation? |
| Paula: Miremos estos folletos de agencias de viajes. |
| Paula: Let's take a look at these travel agency pamphlets. |
| Daniel: ¡Mira éste! 7 días por el Mediterráneo. |
| Daniel: Look at this! Seven days around the Mediterranean. |
| Paula: Pero a estos dos países ya fuimos, ¿Qué tal estos otros tours? |
| Paula: But we already went to these two countries. What about these other tours? |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Anna: Listeners, did you know that there are several Spanish-speaking countries throughout the world? Most are in South America, but in the past, the Philippines also was a Spanish-speaking country. |
| Eric: That's right. That was because of the Spanish colonization many years ago. For many years, Spain "exported" its culture and language. However, because these countries left Spanish control, their use of Spanish and pronunciation is a bit different than in Spain. |
| Anna: That's right. For example, in Spain, we frequently use the perfect forms, while in South American Spanish, the simple past is the most common. |
| Eric: Can you give us another example? |
| Anna: Sure, another example would be that, in Spain, we would say, ¿Qué has comido? which means, "What have you eaten?" But in many countries of Latin America, people say, ¿Qué comiste? which means, "What did you eat?" |
| Eric: So keep in mind these differences if you go to different Spanish-speaking countries. Now let's look at the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Eric: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Anna: vacaciones |
| Eric: vacation, holiday |
| Anna: vacaciones [slowly] |
| Anna: vacaciones |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Anna: ir |
| Eric: to go |
| Anna: ir |
| Anna: ir |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Anna: mirar |
| Eric: to look |
| Anna: mirar [slowly] |
| Anna: mirar |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Anna: agencia de viajes |
| Eric: travel agency |
| Anna: agencia de viajes [slowly] |
| Anna: agencia de viajes |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Anna: folleto |
| Eric: pamphlet |
| Anna: folleto [slowly] |
| Anna: folleto |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Anna: estos, estas |
| Eric: these, adjective |
| Anna: estos, estas [slowly] |
| Anna: estos, estas |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Anna: éstos, éstas |
| Eric: these, pronoun |
| Anna: éstos, éstas [slowly] |
| Anna: éstos, éstas |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Anna: país |
| Eric: country |
| Anna: país [slowly] |
| Anna: país |
| Eric: And last.. |
| Anna: tour |
| Eric: tour |
| Anna: tour [slowly] |
| Anna: tour |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Eric: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Anna: The first phrase we'll look at is agencia de viajes, which means "travel agency." |
| Eric: This phrase is a compound noun. We form it with... |
| Anna: Agencia. |
| Eric: Which means "agency" or "a company that provides certain services" and... |
| Anna: Viajes. |
| Eric: Which means "travel." So, we have a "travel agency," which is a company that organizes trips, books hotels, and other things. |
| Anna: In a sentence, it would sound like, Compré los vuelos en una agencia de viajes, which means, "I bought the flight tickets at a travel agency." |
| Eric: What's our next word? |
| Anna: The next word we'll look at is folletos, which means "leaflet." |
| Eric: This word is a noun referring to a printed piece of paper that explains something, or that contains information about some service or product. |
| Anna: For example, Veamos este folleto de cómo dejar de fumar, which means, "Let's see this leaflet about how to quit smoking." |
| Eric: The next word we'll look at is... |
| Anna: Vacaciones. Vacaciones is a feminine noun and it’s always written in the plural. It means "vacation" or "day off." |
| Eric: Could you give us an example? |
| Anna: Sure. You could say something like, Me voy de vacaciones, which translates to "I'm going on vacation." |
| Eric: The last word we're going to look at is... |
| Anna: Mirar. |
| Eric: Which means "to look" or "to look at." |
| Anna: This is a Spanish regular -ar verb, and it's a transitive verb, so it needs an object. In other words, you need to mirar algo, or "look at" "something." |
| Eric: Could you give us an example? |
| Anna: Certainly. You could say something like mirar una fotografía, meaning "to look at a picture." |
| Eric: Okay, let’s move on to the grammar. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Eric: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to use the demonstrative adjective "these." |
| Anna: In the dialogue, we heard the phrase, Miremos estos panfletos de agencias de viajes. |
| Eric: Which we translated as, "Let's see these travel agency pamphlets." |
| Anna: Okay, so in the last two lessons, we learned about the singular demonstrative adjectives "this" and "that" or, in Spanish, este or esta and ese or esa. |
| Eric: That's right. In this lesson, we'll continue with these kinds of adjectives. This time, we'll look at the first of the plural ones. |
| Anna: Estos or estas, meaning "these" in English. |
| Eric: As we also saw previously, the demonstrative adjective not only makes reference to a specific item, but also where an item is in relation to the speaker. |
| Anna: And, as always, adjectives in Spanish have to agree in gender and number with the noun they modify. In this lesson, we're specifying a plural number. |
| Eric: Okay, so what are the masculine and feminine forms for "these?" |
| Anna: Estos and estas. |
| Eric: These words refer to a place, concern, time, or thing close to the speaker. As we can see in the dialogue, María says... |
| Anna: Miremos estos panfletos de agencias de viajes, |
| Eric: Which means, "Let’s take a look at these travel agency pamphlets." |
| Anna: Here, the panfletos, the "leaflets" or "brochures," are near the speaker, María, and there is more than one. Also, as panfletos in Spanish is a masculine word, the demonstrative adjective we use is estos, which agrees with plural and masculine nouns. |
| Eric: Could you give us another example in a sentence? |
| Anna: Sure. You could say, Estos días está haciendo frío, which means "It's been cold these days." |
| Eric: How about some more example phrases? |
| Anna: Okay. You could say something like estas casas which means "these houses." You could also say estos ordenadores, which means "these computers." |
| Eric: As always, be careful when you use demonstrative adjectives, and make sure that the adjective you use agrees in gender and number with the noun it modifies. |
| HOMEWORK |
| Anna: Before we go, let’s give the answer from the previous Tarea. The correct demonstrative adjective in each case is: |
| esta bolsa |
| esa moneda |
| este billete |
| Eric: And how about this week’s homework? |
| Anna: This time, we’ll ask you to identify which of the following sentences is incorrect: |
| Estos niños tienen mucha energía. |
| Estos cucharas están sucias. |
| Estas ventanas son muy grandes. |
Outro |
| Eric: Well, that just about does it for this lesson. Thanks for listening, and we’ll see you next time. |
| Anna: ¡Hasta luego! |
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