Learn how to use the demonstrative adjective "that"
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Anna: Hola soy Anna. |
| Eric: Eric here! Choosing a New Outfit in Spain. |
| Anna: In this lesson, you'll learn how to use the demonstrative adjective meaning "that." |
| Eric: This conversation takes place at an open air market in the morning. |
| Anna: And it’s between Paula and the shop assistant. |
| Eric: They don't know each other, and also, it's a commercial environment, so they are using formal language. |
| Anna: Let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Vendedor: ¿En qué puedo ayudarle? |
| Paula: Me gustaría esa camiseta de allí. (pointing) |
| Vendedor: ¿Esta camiseta roja? (holding a red t-shirt) |
| Paula: No no, ésta no. Esa camiseta azul al lado de la camiseta verde. |
| Eric: Now let's listen to the same conversation at a slow speed. |
| Vendedor: ¿En qué puedo ayudarle? |
| Paula: Me gustaría esa camiseta de allí. (pointing) |
| Vendedor: ¿Esta camiseta roja? (holding a red t-shirt) |
| Paula: No no, ésta no. Esa camiseta azul al lado de la camiseta verde. |
| Eric: Let's now listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Vendedor: ¿En qué puedo ayudarle? |
| Shop assistant: How can I help you? |
| Paula: Me gustaría esa camiseta de allí. (pointing) |
| Paula: I would like that t-shirt. (pointing) |
| Vendedor: ¿Esta camiseta roja? (holding a red t-shirt) |
| Shop assistant: This red one? (holding a red t-shirt) |
| Paula: No no, ésta no. Esa camiseta azul al lado de la camiseta verde. |
| Paula: No, not this one. That blue t-shirt next to the green t-shirt. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Eric: Okay so, even though Spain is not as famous as its neighbor Italy in terms of fashion, it does have some very good designers... |
| Anna: ...and quite a few very popular brands that are well-known around the world. |
| Eric: That's right. If we talk about fashion designers there are a few well-known designers from Spain. |
| Anna: Two of the most well known are Paco Rabanne and Agatha Ruiz de la Prada. Almost everyone has heard of Prada, and most people have heard of Paco Rabanne. |
| Eric: These two in particular are popular because of the way they use color in their designs. As far as Spanish brands, the most popular, and the one with shops around the world, is Zara. Zara is very popular for having very elegant clothing, but with prices accessible to everyone. |
| Anna: Okay, now let's take a look at the vocabulary. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Eric: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Anna: ayudar |
| Eric: to help |
| Anna: ayudar [slowly] |
| Anna: ayudar |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Anna: gustaría |
| Eric: would like |
| Anna: gustaría |
| Anna: gustaría |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Anna: esta |
| Eric: this, adjective |
| Anna: esta [slowly] |
| Anna: esta |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Anna: ésta |
| Eric: this, pronoun |
| Anna: ésta [slowly] |
| Anna: ésta |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Anna: eso, ese, esa |
| Eric: that, adjective |
| Anna: eso, ese, esa [slowly] |
| Anna: eso, ese, esa |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Anna: eso, ése, ésa |
| Eric: that, pronoun |
| Anna: eso, ése, ésa [slowly] |
| Anna: eso, ése, ésa |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Anna: al lado |
| Eric: next to |
| Anna: al lado [slowly] |
| Anna: al lado |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Anna: camiseta |
| Eric: t-shirt |
| Anna: camiseta [slowly] |
| Anna: camiseta |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Anna: verde |
| Eric: green |
| Anna: verde [slowly] |
| Anna: verde |
| Eric: And last.. |
| Anna: rojo |
| Eric: red |
| Anna: rojo [slowly] |
| Anna: rojo |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Eric: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Anna: The first phrase we'll look at is gustaría, which means "would like." |
| Eric: This verb is special in Spanish because, even though it means "would like," the grammar surrounding it doesn't work the same way that "would like" does in English. |
| Anna: That's right. It's pretty complicated, but basically you have to use words like me, te, le, nos, and les with gustaría in order for it to make sense in Spanish. |
| Eric: Could you give us some examples? |
| Anna: Sure. Me gustaría ir al cine, which means "I would like to go to the movies." And ¿Te gustaría comer sushi para cenar?, which translates as, "Would you like to eat sushi for dinner?" |
| Eric: What's our next word? |
| Anna: The next word we'll look at is al lado which means "next to," "beside," or "near." |
| Eric: And the thing can be to the right or left, it doesn't matter. Could you use that in a sentence? |
| Anna: Sure. You could say something like, Está al lado del hospital, which means "It's next to the hospital." |
| Eric: The next word we'll look at is... |
| Anna: Ayudar, which means "to help. Ayudar is a Spanish regular -ar ending verb, and we've included a conjugation table in the lesson notes so you can practice. |
| Eric: Also, remember that... |
| Anna: Ayudar |
| Eric: ...is a transitive verb, which means an object is necessary. In other words, you have to help "someone" or help "do something." |
| Anna: For example, Yo ayudo a mi madre, which means "I help my mother." |
| Eric: And our last word? |
| Anna: The last word we’ll look at is rojo. Rojo means "red." |
| Eric: That's right. Now this word can be used as either a noun or as an adjective. So you could say, "The red truck is big." |
| Anna: El camión rojo es grande. |
| Eric: Or we can talk about the color red as a noun. |
| Anna: Yes. That would be something like, El rojo es fuerte, which means "The red is strong." Now let's move on to the grammar. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Eric: The focus of this lesson is the demonstrative adjective "that." |
| Anna: In the dialogue, we heard the phrase Me gustaría esa camiseta. |
| Eric: Which we translated as "I would like that t-shirt." In the last lesson, we learned about the demonstrative adjective "this," which in Spanish we can find in the masculine form... |
| Anna: Este. |
| Eric: Or the feminine form… |
| Anna: Esta. And in this lesson, we'll focus on another demonstrative adjective, "that," which in Spanish is ese for masculine nouns, and esa for feminine nouns. |
| Eric: As we also saw before, the demonstrative adjective makes reference to a specific item and also where it is in relation to the speaker. |
| Anna: The demonstrative adjectives in Spanish, like all other adjectives, have to agree in gender and number with the noun they modify. |
| Eric: And in this lesson we’ll focus on the words for "that," which again are... |
| Anna: Ese and esa. |
| Eric: These two words refer to a place, concern, time, or thing somewhat distant to the speaker. As we can see in the dialogue, Paula says... |
| Anna: Me gustaría esa camiseta. |
| Eric: This means "I would like that t-shirt." But the use of “that” or... |
| Anna: Esa. |
| Eric: ...makes the t-shirt somewhat distant to the speaker and closer to the listener. |
| Anna: Also, be aware that esa and ese not only make reference to how near or far things are from the speaker but also how near or far things are in time. So, ese año means "that year." |
| Eric: Could you give us a few other example phrases? |
| Anna: Sure. You could say, ese lápiz which means "that pencil;" esa casa meaning "that house;" or esa corbata which means "that necktie." |
| Eric: As always, be careful when you use them, and make sure that the adjectives you use agree with the noun they modify in gender and in number. Okay, before we go, listeners - did you do your homework? |
| HOMEWORK |
| Anna:Here we have the answer from the previous tarea. The incorrect sentence is, Ése me gusta mucho, meaning “This one I like a lot.” The correct Spanish version of this sentence would be, Éste me gusta mucho. |
| Eric: And this week, the homework will be to choose the correct demonstrative adjective in each case. |
| Anna: Here they are: |
| (blank) bolsa, referring to an object close to the speaker. |
| (blank) moneda, referring to an object far from the speaker. |
| (blank) billete, referring to an object close to the speaker. |
Outro |
| Eric: Don’t forget to fill in the blanks, listeners! And that just about does it for this lesson. Thanks for listening, and we’ll see you next time. |
| Anna: ¡Hasta luego! |
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