Learn how to use the present simple tense with the -er ending verbs
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Anna: Hola soy Anna. |
| Eric: Eric here! Talking About Your Eating Habits in Spanish. |
| Anna: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to use the present simple tense of -ir verbs. |
| Eric: This conversation takes place at home in the late afternoon. |
| Anna: And it’s between Paula and Santiago. |
| Eric: The speakers are roommates, so they'll be speaking casually. |
| Anna: Let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Paula: Estás más delgado. ¿Haces dieta? |
| Santiago: Sí, sólo como verduras y frutas, y bebo mucha agua cada día. |
| Paula: Muy bien. Luis sólo come comida rápida y siempre bebe cerveza. |
| Santiago: Jaja, no te preocupes, él hace mucho deporte. |
| Eric: Now let's listen to the same conversation at a slow speed. |
| Paula: Estás más delgado. ¿Haces dieta? |
| Santiago: Sí, sólo como verduras y frutas, y bebo mucha agua cada día. |
| Paula: Muy bien. Luis sólo come comida rápida y siempre bebe cerveza. |
| Santiago: Jaja, no te preocupes, él hace mucho deporte. |
| Eric: Let's now listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Paula: Estás más delgado. ¿Haces dieta? |
| Paula: You've slimmed down. Are you dieting? |
| Santiago: Sí, sólo como verduras y frutas, y bebo mucha agua cada día. |
| Santiago: Yes, I only eat fruits and vegetables and I drink a lot of water every day. |
| Paula: Muy bien. Luis sólo come comida rápida y siempre bebe cerveza. |
| Paula: Great! Luis only eats fast food and always drinks beer. |
| Santiago: Jaja, no te preocupes, él hace mucho deporte. |
| Santiago: Ha ha, don't worry; he plays a lot of sports. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Eric: Let’s talk about Spanish wines. |
| Anna: I like this topic! Wine is probably the most popular drink in Spain, and Spain is well known for its wines. |
| Eric: I think it's the Mediterranean climate that contributes to having an ideal environment for cultivating grapes and being able to produce a high quality wine. |
| Anna: That's probably right. There are many kinds of wine, and they're usually classified according their geographical location. So, Penedés wine is from that region, and Rio del Duero wine is from that region. |
| Eric: But you also classify wine by the type of grapevine it comes from or its color—like tempranillo, red wine, white wine, or rose wine. |
| Anna: Exactly. Normally, we drink softer and sweeter wines, like white wine, with soft meals like salads or fish. But for meat or dishes with a stronger flavor, we drink stronger tasting wines, such as red wine. |
| Eric: Make sure you try some Spanish wine when you have the opportunity, listeners! Okay, now let's take a look at the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Eric: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Anna: adelgazar |
| Eric: to slim down |
| Anna: adelgazar [slowly] |
| Anna: adelgazar |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Anna: dieta |
| Eric: diet |
| Anna: dieta |
| Anna: dieta |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Anna: fruta |
| Eric: fruit |
| Anna: fruta [slowly] |
| Anna: fruta |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Anna: verdura |
| Eric: vegetable |
| Anna: verdura [slowly] |
| Anna: verdura |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Anna: comer |
| Eric: to eat |
| Anna: comer [slowly] |
| Anna: comer |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Anna: beber |
| Eric: to drink |
| Anna: beber [slowly] |
| Anna: beber |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Anna: comida rápida |
| Eric: fast food |
| Anna: comida rápida [slowly] |
| Anna: comida rápida |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Anna: preocuparse |
| Eric: to worry |
| Anna: preocuparse [slowly] |
| Anna: preocuparse |
| Eric: And last.. |
| Anna: deporte |
| Eric: sport |
| Anna: deporte [slowly] |
| Anna: deporte |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Eric: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Anna: The first word we'll look at is delgado, which means "slim" or "thin." |
| Eric: This word is a masculine adjective, and it's in the singular form. |
| Anna: The feminine form would be delgada. |
| Eric: This is a useful adjective because we can use it with both people and things. |
| Anna: That's right. For example, you could say, Pedro es delgado, which means, "Peter is slim." Or you could say El árbol es delgado, meaning, "The tree is slim." But this sentence, Estás más delgado… |
| Eric: Literally translates as, "You’re more slim," but it means “you lost weight." |
| Anna: Another way to say Estás más delgado, is Has adelgazado, which is still more similar to the expression, "You lost weight." |
| Eric: What's our next word? |
| Anna: The next word we'll look at is comer, which means "to eat." Comer is a regular -er verb, and we'll take a look at how to conjugate it in the grammar point. |
| Eric: Could you give us some examples? |
| Anna: Sure! You could say, Yo como patatas, which means, "I eat potatoes." Or Nosotros comemos pasta, which means, "We eat pasta." |
| Eric: What's our next word? |
| Anna: The next word we'll look at is beber, which means "to drink." Beber is a regular -er verb just like comer. |
| Eric: How about an example sentence? |
| Anna: Okay. How about, Ellos beben zumo. This means "They drink juice." Or Yo bebo vino, which means "I drink wine." |
| Eric: Excellent! Now let's move on to the grammar point. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Eric: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to use the present simple tense with -er ending verbs. |
| Anna: In the dialogue we heard the phrase, Sólo como verduras y frutas. |
| Eric: Which we translated as, "I only eat vegetables and fruits." If you recall, in Lesson 10, we learned what the "present simple" tense was and when to use it. |
| Anna: Beyond that, we also learned how to conjugate the present simple for -ar ending verbs. Now in this lesson, we'll look at a similar pattern with verbs that end in -er. |
| Eric: That's right. The basic pattern is the same. Take the dictionary form of the verb, then separate it in two parts, the stem, which will be always the same, and the ending. In this case, the infinitive ending is -er. |
| Anna: So, let's look at the verb comer, which means "to eat." The root is com- and the ending is -er. So you can conjugate this verb by changing the ending, to say, for example, Él come, which means "He eats," and nosotros comemos, which means "We eat." |
| Eric: As you can see, the stem part stays the same, and only the ending changes. Remember that it will be the same variable part for all the -er ending regular verbs. |
| Anna: So, let's look at the verb beber, which means "to drink." The -er is the variable part, and you can drop it and add a new ending to get something like vosotros bebéis which means "you all drink" in informal speech, or ustedes beben which also means "you all drink," but this time using the formal speech. |
| Eric: So, to sum up, in order to conjugate the "present simple" for a regular -er verb in Spanish, you change the -er to the ending that corresponds to the person you want. So, could you give us five more -er verbs we could use in this situation? |
| Anna: Sure. You could use aprender which means "to learn," correr which means "to run," vender which means "to sell," leer which means "to read," and temer which means "to fear." |
| Eric: Listeners, be sure to take a look at the lesson notes because we have some great visual tables that will help this all make sense. But before we go, here’s the answer from the previous lesson’s homework. |
| HOMEWORK |
| Anna: The verb preguntar conjugated in the present simple tense is yo pregunto, tú preguntas, usted pregunta, él/ella pregunta, nosotros preguntamos, vosotros preguntáis, ustedes preguntan, ellos/ellas preguntan. |
| Eric: This week’s task will be similar. |
| Anna: This time you have to conjugate the verb responder in the Present Simple tense. |
Outro |
| Eric: Well, that just about does it for this lesson. Thanks for listening, and we’ll see you next time. |
| Anna: ¡Hasta luego! |
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